In May this year, the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies conference takes place at Stanford UniversityLaw School under the title indicated above. It is co-sponsored by the Center for Cognitive Liberty and Ethics, the Stanford Center for Law and the Biosciences and Stanford Program in Ethics and Society. I will talk here about the 'criminalisation of enhancement' re-acting to recent moves within the US and elsewhere to frame enhancement as a social deviant practice that ought to involve criminal action.